4.1 - Protectins
Protectins, like other specialized pro-resolving mediators (SPMs), are derived from docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and are produced by hydrolases. These bioactive lipids exhibit potent pro-resolving actions, even at nanomolar and picomolar concentrations (Hansen et al., 2019; Schwab et al., 2007). They exert their effects on various cell types, including macrophages, neutrophils, and glial cells (Marcheselli et al., 2003; Schwab et al., 2007; Hong et al., 2003). Notably, recently discovered conjugated lipids with similarities to protectins have also been found to possess pro-resolving properties. One example is protectin conjugates in tissue regeneration 1 (PCTR1) (Dalli et al., 2015). These conjugated lipids expand the repertoire of pro-resolving molecules and contribute to the resolution of inflammation and tissue regeneration.