3.3 - Maresins and bacterial infections
A study conducted by Jiang et al. (2022) revealed that daily
supplementation of Lactobacillus casei (L. casei ) during
the intensive phase of tuberculosis led to an upregulation of various
bioactive lipids, including Maresin 1. Plasma levels of these lipids
showed a strong correlation with the downregulation of pro-inflammatory
cytokines. Additionally, supplementation with enriched marine oil
increased the levels of different lipids, particularly MaRn-3 DPA, in
the plasma of healthy volunteers. Notably, individuals receiving the
supplementation exhibited higher phagocytic capacity of S. aureusby neutrophils compared to the placebo group, indicating the
effectiveness of specialized pro-resolving mediators (SPMs) in
modulating peripheral blood cells (Souza et al., 2020). In vitrostudies have demonstrated that maresin-1 production by M2 macrophages is
stimulated during E. coli infection. Moreover, maresin-1 has been
shown to limit the infection of human macrophages by M.
tuberculosis , thereby reducing inflammation (Werz et al., 2018; Ruiz et
al., 2019). In vivo experiments involving coinfection with
influenza A virus (IAV) and Streptococcus pneumoniae demonstrated
that administration of MCTR1 plus MCTR3 or MCTR3 alone resulted in
reduced lung inflammation and bacterial load at different time points
post-infection (Tavares et al., 2022b). These findings, like those
observed with lipoxin A4 (LXA4), indicate a potential beneficial role
for maresins in the treatment of bacterial infections. However, further
research is needed to fully understand and explore their therapeutic
potential in this context. Additional studies are necessary to
investigate the mechanisms of action, optimal dosing, and potential
synergistic effects of maresins with other treatments.