Methods
Chemicals and reagents
AB4 (C59H96O26, MW: 1221.38, >98% purity), AA3 (C41H66O12,
MW: 750.96, >98% purity), and 23-HA (C30H48O4, MW: 472.7,
>98% purity) were purchased from Sichuan weikeqi-biotech
(Chengdu, China). 5-ASA was
purchased from Ipsen Pharma (Houdan, France). Dulbecco’s modified Eagle
medium (DMEM), RPMI-1640, Fetal bovine serum (FBS), and
penicillin-streptomycin were
purchased from Gibco (Grand Island, USA). The Cell Counting Kit-8
(CCK-8) was purchased from Dojindo (Tokyo, Japan). Lipopolysaccharides
(LPS), adenosine triphosphate (ATP), phorbol myristate acetate (PMA),
and Nigericin (Nig) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, USA).
Dextran sulfate sodium (DSS, molecular weight 36-50kDa) was purchased
from MP Biomedicals (Solon, USA). Recombinant Murine M-CSF was purchased
from PEPROTECH (Rocky Hill, USA).