Fig. 1 Antiviral efficacy of hesperetin
(A) Cytotoxicity (MTT) assay. The indicated concentration of hesperetin or an equivalent volume of DMSO were incubated with cultured Vero cells for 96 h and cell viability was determined using the MTT assay. (B-D) Antiviral efficacy against poxviruses. Vero cells, in triplicates, were infected with the indicated virus at an MOI of 0.1 in the presence of the indicated concentration of hesperetin or DMSO. The infectious virus particles released in the supernatant at 72 hpi were titrated using plaque assay. Virus yield in hesperetin-treated and DMSO-treated cells in BPXV(B), Vaccinia virus (C) and LSDV (D) infected cells is shown. (E) Virucidal activity. The indicated concentrations of hesperetin were pre-incubated with BPXV (107 pfu/ml) at 37℃ for 2 h, and residual infectivity of BPXV was determined by plaque assay. The results are representative of three independent experiments. Error bars indicate SD. Pair-wise statistical comparisons were performed using the Student’s t-test (*** = P<0.001).