Animals
Dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis experiment was approved by the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee of Ajou University (IACUC #2023-0040). Animals were kept in the Laboratory Animal Research Center of Ajou University Medical Center under specific pathogen-free conditions. They received sterilized food and water ad libitum . Six-week-old wild-type (WT) C57BL/6 female mice were purchased from Orient Bio Inc. (Sungnam, Korea). CX3CR1-DTR mice (Jackson Laboratories) were kindly provided by D.R. Littman (New York University Medical Center) (Diehl et al., 2013).