Phlomis cretica
Table 8 presents the inhibitory effects of the ethyl acetate extract, particularly on the bacterial strains. When considering the impact of DMSO, the extract showed no significant effect on E. faecalis ,E. coli , and C. albicans . The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values ranged from 0.04 mg / ml (P. micra ) to 2.50 mg / ml (S. sobrinus , S. aureus ). The minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) values indicated the persistence ofS. mutans , S. sobrinus , C. albicans , E. faecalis , and E. coli in the presence of the ethyl acetate extract from P. cretica , while all other strains were killed at concentrations ranging from 0.08 mg / m (P. micra ) to 2.50 mg / ml (S. aureus ).
In the biofilm plate assay, no accumulated biofilm was observed in the presence of 5.00 mg / ml of the ethyl acetate extract. With over five dilution steps, including 0.15 mg / ml (as shown in Figure 2), a moderate biofilm formation was observed, while lower concentrations fell into category C3, indicating no detectable effect on biofilm formation.