The polarization of M1 macrophages promotes the activation of the NF‑κB/NLRP3 pathway in GMCs.
The NF-κB/NLRP3 pathway is a classic signaling pathway that participates in inflammation. IF staining and IHC staining showed that p65 was transported to the nucleus (Figure 4A, Supplementary Figure 2A). Moreover, the IHC and Western blot results showed that the expression of NF-κB (p65), p-p65, NLRP3, ASC, Caspase 1 and IL-1β was increased in the M1 macrophage-treated group, and p-IkBa was decreased in vivo andin vitro (Figure 4B-F, I-L, Supplementary Figure 2B-F), suggesting that the NF-κB/NLRP3 pathway was activated in the P.ggroup. After SV40-MES-13 cells were cultured with MΦCM for 24 h, the CCK-8 results showed that cell viability was decreased (Figure 4G and H). Our results suggest that P.g promotes the inflammatory response in the kidney by activating the NF-κB/NLRP3 pathway.