Cell proliferation assay
Cells were seeded into 96-well plates at a density of 5×103 cells per well and incubated at 37°C in a humidified atmosphere containing 5% CO2. After 24 hours of incubation, the cells were treated with different concentrations of test compounds for various time periods. At the end of the treatment, the medium was removed, and 100 μL of fresh medium containing 10 μL of CCK-8 solution (BA00208, BIOSS) was added to each well. The plates were then incubated for an additional 2 hours at 37°C. The absorbance was measured at 450 nm using a microplate reader (BioTek, USA).