Figure 1
Congenital cholesteatoma removal using TEES in a 5-year-old girl : A) After elevating the tympanomeatal flap, the cholesteatoma behind the corda tympani was visible. Co = cholesteatoma; C = corda tympani nerve; Tm = tympanomeatal flap; B) After drilling the scutum, the surgeon carefully removed the cholesteatoma; C) The incus was destroyed, and the stapes could not be identified during surgery. Therefore, the destroyed incus was removed. I = destroyed incus; D) The residual cholesteatoma at the sinus tympanum and the matrix at the oval window were removed. O = oval window; E) Water irrigation of the middle ear; F) Identification of the location of the foot plate and facial nerve. Fp = foot plate; Fn = facial nerve; G) The scutum was reconstructed using tragus cartilage. Meanwhile, the ossicular chain was restored using total ossicular replacement prosthesis. T = tragus cartilage; To = total ossicular replacement prosthesis (TORP); H) Replacement of the tympanomeatal flap