Ethics approval:
All animal experiments were performed in accordance with the guidelines of the Ethical Committee for the Care and Welfare of Laboratory Animals from the Sichuan province government.
Abbreviations: BDL, bile duct ligation; α-SMA, α-smooth muscle actin; TAA, thioacetamide; HBV, hepatitis B virus; HCV, hepatitis C virus; NASH, nonalcoholic steatohepatitis; HSCs, hepatic stellate cells; NK, natural killer; TNFα, tumor necrosis factor α; ILs, interleukins; TGF-β, transforming growth factor β; ALT, alanine aminotransferase; AST, aspartate amino transferase; ALP, alkaline phosphatase; TBIL, total bilirubin; DBIL, direct bilirubin; H&E, hematoxylin and eosin; SABC, streptavidin-biotin complex; DAB, 3,3’-diaminobenzidine; PDGF, platelet-derived growth factor; IFN, interferon; TMB, Tetramethylbenzidine; MCP-1, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1; MIP, macrophage inflammatory protein; MFI, median fluorescent intensity; EMCs, extracellular matrix components; FN, fibronectin; LN, laminin; NLRP, NOD-like receptor protein;