5. Conclusion
In summary, with the reviewed clinical data of the enrolled cohort patients, this study proposes a staging system to stratify the treatment of SFI, which may optimize individual treatment strategies and reduce hospitalization and cost for all patients. The bacterial etiological analysis reveals that the presence of bacterial biofilm contributes to the recurrent CI infections, which can be cured by re-implantation. Given the large cohort of CI patients and infectious risk factors analyzed, younger patients with CI surgery are at a high risk of refractory repeated infection, indicating that additional efficient follow-up strategies should be implemented for the underaged.