3.1 | Climatic suitability
Our results based on GEA indicated that, BIO2 (Mean diurnal range) had an effect only on the genetic basis of local adaptations in François’ langur, whereas BIO13 (Precipitation of wettest month) had a significant effect on the genetic basis of local adaptations in White-headed langur (Table 1; Figure 3). From the LIG to the year 2050, the permutation of the importance of variables indicated that BIO13 (Precipitation of wettest month) and BIO18 (Precipitation of Warmest Quarter) for François’ langur, and the BIO11 (Mean Temperature of Coldest Quarter), BIO13 (Precipitation of wettest month), and BIO14 (Precipitation of Driest Month) for White-headed langur (Table1).
We found that the area of climatic suitability for François’ langur decreased by 4.8% between the LIG and the LGM. During a warming event associated with the LGM to the present, the amount of climatic suitability for François’ langur increased by 0.3% (Table 1; Figure 5). The area of climatic suitability available to White-headed langur decreased by 5.1% between the LIG and the LGM, and then increased by 11.7% from LGM to the present (Table 1; Figure 5). The projection of our maxent model indicates that climatic suitability for François’ langur will likely increase and contract for White-headed langur over the next 30 years (2020-2050), resulting in a 27.9% increase for François’ langur and a 33.8% decrease for White-headed langur (Table 1). Also, human activities are expected to result in an additional 29.2% for François’ langur and 23.4% loss of suitable habitat for White-headed langur (Table 1 & Supporting Information Figure S4).