Variable
Expectant management group N = 603) Induction of labor group (N = 634)
P value
Gestational age at the time of delivery
Mean Range 40+2 39-42 39+3 39-42+1
Onset of the birth process no. (%) 0,000
Spontaneous labor Induced labor Elective cesarean section 357 (59) 211 (35,2) 35 (5,8) 100 (15,8) 509 (80,4) 25 (3,9)
Indication for induction of labor no. (%)
>41 wk of gestation Term prelabor rupture of membranes Others Posity amnioscopy Oligoamnios Advanced maternal age 72 (34.1) 61 (28.9) 26 (12.3%) 14 (6.6) 13 (6.2) 0 (0) 10 (2) 26 (5.1) 13 (2.5) 0 (0,0) 7 (1.4) 437 (85.68)
Amniotic fluid color no. (%) 0,000
Clear Stained Hemorraghic 450 (74,6) 147 (24,4) 6 (1) 559 (88,2) 89(10,9) 6 (0,9)
Intrapartum fever no. (%) 21 (8,6) 92 (14,6) 0,018
Epidural use no. (%) 464 (77,5) 504 (79,9) 0,258
Method of delivery no. (%)
Vaginal delivery Assisted vaginal delivery Cesarean section 306 (50,7) 150 (24,8) 147 (24,4) 325 (51,3) 157 (24,8) 152 (24)
No previous type of delivery. Method of delivery no (%)* 227 252 0,109
Vaginal delivery Assisted vaginal delivery Cesarean section 55 (24,2) 94 (41,4) 78 (34,4) 83 (32,9) 91 (36,1) 78 (31)
Type of cesarean section no. (%)
0,127
Programmed Non-urgent intrapartum Urgent 33 (22,3) 66 (44,6) 49 (33.1) 25 (16,4) 60 (39,5) 67 (44.1)
Indication for cesarean section no. (%) N = 147 N = 152
Suspected fetal distress Active phase arrest Cephalopelvic disproportion Breech presentation Failure of induction Elective 40 (27) 24 (16,2) 15 (10,1) 18 (12,2) 18 (8,1) 11 (7,4) 54 (34,9) 14 (9,2) 17 (11,2) 14 (9,2) 26 (17,1) 9 (5,9)
Indication for assisted vaginal delivery no. (%) N = 150 N = 157
Suspected fetal distress Second Stage Protraction Maternal exhaustion 99 (66) 50 (33,3) 1 (0,7) 128 (81,5) 28 (17,9) 1 (0,6)