Background We investigate the epidemiological and clinical characteristics of respiratory infections with respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) among the entire population in Beijing, China. Methods All-age patients with respiratory infection between 2015-2019 were enrolled from 35 sentinel hospitals in Beijing. Their respiratory specimens were obtained for testing of 11 respiratory pathogens, including RSV. Their demographic data and medical record were collected in standardized forms. Results The RSV epidemic season approximately occurred between October to March with a peak in December or January and covered 90% of RSV infections with RSV-A dominated in each year. Children aged 5 years were at the highest risk of RSV infection (52.2%), followed by the elderly adults aged ≥60 years (25.2%). While the elderly patients with RSV were prone to develop dyspnea and lymphocytopenia than other population segments. Moreover, they had an elevated rate of hospitalization, an increased rate of ICU admission, an extended length of hospital stay, and elevated mortality compared to the <5 years children with RSV infection. Conclusions The young children was the population with the highest risk for RSV infection followed by the elderly adults. While the later easily developed a severe infection and need full consideration when making policy.