Data Analysis
Treemaps to display diversity and abundance were generated using the R
package Treemap v. 2.4-3 (Tennekes, 2022). Plant-flower visitor networks
were build using the bipartite package in R (Dormann et al. (2008). A
Redundancy analysis (RDA) was used to assess how the non-bee community
changed due to environmental variance, such as the parameters measured
in the experimental methods: wind speed (km/h), solar radiation
(W/m2), humidity (%), temperature (°C) and edge
effect (binary: interior or exterior). These variables only explained
14% of the variance, therefore time and date were also added to the
model as explanatory variables. A Hellinger transformation was applied
to remove the arch effect by normalizing the data through reducing the
effect of zeros (Legendre and Gallagher 2001). The significance of the
model and the axes generated were tested using an ANOVA like permutation
test for Constrained Correspondence Analysis build into the function
‘anova.cca’ in vegan (Oksanen et al. 2019). All analyses were completed
using R (version 2.5-5).